Luís Roberto Barroso is a full professor of constitutional law at the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), a visiting professor at the Université Sorbonne, and a Senior Fellow at the Harvard Kennedy School. 

He holds a master's degree in law from Yale University, a doctorate, and a post-doctorate from UERJ, having completed his postdoctoral studies as a Visiting Scholar at Harvard University. He is considered one of the main references in Brazilian constitutional law. 

Luís Roberto Barroso has acted before the Supreme Federal Court in landmark cases such as: recognition of same-sex unions, prohibition of nepotism in the Judiciary, the right to terminate a pregnancy in cases of non-viable fetuses due to anencephaly, and research with embryonic stem cells. He also had extensive involvement before the Superior Court of Justice.

He was a Minister of the Supreme Federal Court from 2013 to 2025, having presided over the Court between 2023 and 2025, as well as the National Justice Council (CNJ). He was also a Minister of the Superior Electoral Court (TSE), having presided over the Court from 2020 to 2022, overseeing the 2020 elections and preparing for the 2022 elections.

He is the author of more than 15 books, with academic articles in the main journals in Brazil and the world, including those of Harvard, Chicago, Texas, Boston College, and Indiana Universities, as well as the American Journal of Comparative Law and the International Journal of Constitutional Law.